Ophthalmic Artery Pseudoaneurysm
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Disease Entity
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Disease
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Etiology
The most common cause of ophthalmic artery pseudoaneurysm (OAPA) is trauma, such as blunt or penetrating trauma to the eye or head, but it can also be caused by inflammation, infection, or other underlying medical conditions.
Risk Factors
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General Pathology
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Pathophysiology
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Primary prevention
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Diagnosis
The diagnosis of ophthalmic artery pseudoaneurysm (OAPA) typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, detailed eye exams, radiological imaging studies, and additional interventional studies are useful in characterizing the pseudoaneurysm.
History
The history-taking portion should focus on any recent facial and ocular injuries or surgeries. These include fist fight, traffic accidents (whiplash injuries, etc.), fall, or any other high-energy impact trauma. Other risk factors, such as prior history of ocular infection, cellulitis, arterial-venous fistulas, and any other significant orbital histories are also useful. Comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are also important as patients might be taking anti-platelets or antithrombotic medications which could greatly increase the risk of pseudoaneurysm malformation.
Physical examination
A thorough physical examination of the eye and surrounding structures should be conducted to assess visual acuity, eye movements, and signs of inflammation, swelling, proptosis, or pulsatile mass around the orbit.
Signs
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Symptoms
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Clinical diagnosis
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Diagnostic procedures
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Laboratory test
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Differential diagnosis
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Management
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General treatment
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Medical therapy
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Medical follow up
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Surgery
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Surgical follow up
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Complications
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Prognosis
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Additional Resources
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References
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