Sunrise Syndrome
Sunrise syndrome and Sunset syndrome are IOL-related cataract surgery complications. resulting from malposition of the IOL.
Disease Entity
Disease
The term Sunrise Syndrome and/or Sunset Syndrome refers to the IOL-associated cataract complication, which often occurs early due to improper IOL fixation within the secure capsular bag, resulting in IOL misplacement.[1] It depends on haptics positioning and asymmetric bag-sulcus placement. Both can present later following ocular injury, capsular or zonular disruption and contracture.[2] Sunrise syndrome most commonly occurs due to the misplacement of the superior haptic in the ciliary sulcus, while the inferior one is placed into the capsular bag, that allows the IOL to subluxate superiorly. The direction and extent of the subluxation depends on haptics positioning and asymmetric bag-sulcus placement during surgery.[2] Sunset syndrome can develop when the opposite is true, when the inferior haptic is improperly placed in the ciliary sulcus. Alternatively, Sunset syndrome may occur from undetected anterior capsule rupture extending inferiorly allowing the inferior haptic of PCIOL to escape through the defect, leading to downward IOL displacement.
Diagnosis
Symptoms
- fluctuating vision or progressive loss of vision
- monocular diplopia
- glare
- halos
- photosensitivity
- optical aberrations
Management
Surgery
- Repositioning the implant
- Moving the lens from the capsular bag to the sulcus (for 3-piece IOLs)
- Rarely it has to be removed or replaced with secondary AC IOL or scleral fixated IOL implantation
- Iris- or transcleral-sutures may be required to secure the IOL in position.[2]
References
- ↑ S. Gregory Smith, Richard L. Lindstrom, Report and management of the sunrise syndrome, American Intra-Ocular Implant Society Journal, Volume 10, Issue 2, 1984, Pages 218-220, ISSN 0146-2776. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-2776(84)80120-2.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Columbia Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology. (n.d.). Sunrise Syndrome. Sunrise Syndrome | Columbia Ophthalmology. https://www.columbiaeye.org/education/digital-reference-of-ophthalmology/lens-cataract/surgery-complications-0/sunrise-syndrome.