Ocular and Periocular Synkinesis

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Article initiated by:

Paul Phelps, MD, FACS

All contributors:

Paul Phelps, MD, FACS

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Ocular and Periocular Synkinesis

Acquired Facial Nerve Synkinesis

Oral–Ocular and Ocular–Oral Synkinesis

• Marin-Amat Syndrome

Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders

Other CCDDs

• Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles (CFEOM) (aberrant eye movements, including synergistic divergence, occur in some forms)
• Möbius Syndrome
• Athabascan Brainstem Dysgenesis Syndrome (HOXA1-related)

Other Acquired Ocular Synkinesis and Pathologic Reflexes

• Oculomotor Synkinesis
• Corneomandibular Reflex